Nigute wakemura ikibazo cyimashini ya firime Irambuye itazaba Inyenyeri

Hano haribintu bike bibabaza mububiko bwuzuye cyangwa ishami rishinzwe gutwara ibicuruzwa kuruta igikoresho cyanga gufatanya. Iyo ibyawe kurambura imashini ya firime yapfuye guceceka nyuma yo gukanda kuri 'Tangira ', irashobora kuzana umurongo wawe wose wapakira kugirango uhagarare, bigutwara igihe, amafaranga, hamwe numubabaro mwinshi.

Mbere yo guhamagarira inkunga ya tekiniki ihenze kandi uhura namasaha ashobora gutaha, menya ko ibibazo byinshi bisanzwe byoroshye byoroshye kwisuzumisha no kwikosora. Aka gatabo kazakunyura muburyo bwumvikana, intambwe-ku-ntambwe yo gukemura ibibazo kugirango ubone kurambura hejuru hanyuma ukore.

Ibintu Byambere Icyambere: Imbere-Kugenzura Umutekano

UMUBURO: Buri gihe shyira imbere umutekano. Mbere yo gukora igenzura iryo ariryo ryose, cyane cyane ay'amashanyarazi:

· Guhagarika imbaraga: Kuramo burundu imashini mumashanyarazi cyangwa gufunga / kuranga (LOTO) isoko nyamukuru.

·  Tegereza: Ubushobozi bushobora gufata amafaranga nubwo amashanyarazi yahagaritswe. Tegereza iminota mike mbere yo gusuzuma ibice by'imbere.

·  Baza Igitabo cyawe: Igitabo gikora imashini yawe nigikoresho cyiza kubishushanyo byihariye, kode yamakosa, no kuburira umutekano.

Intambwe ya 1: Kugenzura Biragaragara (Ariko Akenshi Byirengagijwe)

Tangira nibishoboka byoroshye. Biratangaje inshuro nyinshi igisubizo kiboneka hano.

1.Imbaraga z'imbaraga: Imashini yacometse? Byumvikane neza, ariko imigozi irashobora gukubitwa cyangwa gucomeka. Menya neza ko icyuma gifite umutekano mugisohoka.

2.Guhindura imbaraga: Ese imbaraga nyamukuru zihindura imashini ubwayo mumwanya wa 'ON '? Imashini zimwe zifite icyerekezo cya kabiri.

3.Umuzunguruko wumuzingi: Reba ibikoresho byumuzunguruko cyangwa agasanduku ka fuse. Imbaraga ziyongera cyangwa kurenza urugero zishobora kuba zarakubise icyuma cyeguriwe gupfunyika. Ongera usubiremo rwose (uzimye inzira yose mbere yo gusubira inyuma).

4.Ibyihutirwa byo guhagarika buto: Uyu niwe nyirabayazana. Gupfunyika kurambuye bifite ibyihutirwa byinshi byihutirwa (E-guhagarara) buto, mubisanzwe kumwanya wo kugenzura kandi rimwe na rimwe kuri base. Menya neza ko buri kimwe cyaciwe (gikururwa kumwanya wo gusubiramo). E-guhagarika imwe imwe yihebye izahagarika imashini yose.

5.Abashinzwe umutekano n'inzugi: Imashini zigezweho zifite aho zihurira n'umutekano zibuza gukora niba umuzamu afunguye cyangwa umuryango winjira ni ajar. Menya neza ko ibifuniko byose birinda byafunzwe neza kandi bifite umutekano.

Intambwe ya 2: Gusuzuma Sisitemu y'amashanyarazi

Niba ibyibanze bigenzurwa, igihe kirageze cyo kureba byimbitse mubice byamashanyarazi.

1.Imbaraga z'umugozi n'insinga: Kugenzura mu buryo bugaragara uburebure bwose bw'umugozi w'amashanyarazi kubimenyetso byose byangiritse, gucika, cyangwa gukata. Umugozi wangiritse urashobora guhagarika amashanyarazi.

2.Ibikoresho byimbere: Shakisha imashini yimbere ya fuse (reba igitabo cyawe aho giherereye). Koresha multimeter kugirango urebe buri fuse kugirango ikomeze. Nubwo fuse itagaragara neza, irashobora kuba amakosa. Simbuza icyuma icyo aricyo cyose cyahujwe na kimwe cya amperage imwe.

3.Umuyoboro hamwe na relay: Izi ni electronique ya electronique igenzura imiyoboro ikomeye ya moteri. Umva gutandukana 'kanda ' mugihe ukanze buto yo gutangira. Niba utumva gukanda, umuzenguruko muke wa voltage ntuzikora. Ibi birashobora guterwa na buto yo gutangira nabi, guhuza nabi, cyangwa igiceri cyananiranye. Niba wunvise gukanda ariko moteri ntisunika cyangwa ngo ugerageze kwimuka, abahuza ibikorwa biremereye cyane barashobora gutwikwa kandi bakeneye gusimburwa.

4.Voltage: Koresha multimeter kugirango urebe ko voltage ikwiye igera kumashini nyamukuru ya mashini. Umuvuduko muke (brownout) urashobora kubuza moteri gutangira.

Intambwe ya 3: Sisitemu yo kugenzura nibibazo bya Interineti

Ikibazo ntigishobora kuba no gutanga amashanyarazi ahubwo nubwonko bwibikorwa.

1.Icungamutungo (PLC): Igenzura rya porogaramu ishobora gukoreshwa ni mudasobwa ikoresha imashini. Niba ibyerekanwe ari ubusa rwose, ntabwo byakira imbaraga (reba Intambwe ya 2). Niba ibyerekanwa biri ariko ntibitabe, birashobora kuba byaragize amakosa cyangwa guhagarara.

·  Igisubizo: Gerageza gusubiramo bikomeye. Zimya amashanyarazi nyamukuru, utegereze amasegonda 60, hanyuma uyifungure. Ibi birashobora gukuraho amakosa yigihe gito.

2.Kode yamakosa: Ese kwerekana kwerekana kode yerekana nka 'E-05 ' cyangwa 'Err 12 '? Nibimenyetso byawe bikomeye! Hita ubaza umukoresha wawe igice cyo gukemura ibibazo. Izi kodegisi zagenewe kukwereka ikibazo, nka moteri iremereye, amakosa yifoto-ijisho, cyangwa ikosa ryitumanaho.

3.Tangira Button: Akabuto ubwako karashobora kuba amakosa. Igihe kirenze, utubuto turashobora kunanirwa muburyo bwa mashanyarazi cyangwa amashanyarazi. Niba ufite multimeter kandi nziza, urashobora kuyigerageza kugirango ukomeze iyo ukanze.

Intambwe ya 4: Ibibazo bya Mechanical and Safety Sensor

Imashini ifite imbaraga n'ubwonko bwayo burakora, ariko umutekano cyangwa guhagarika imashini birinda gutangira.

1.Fotoeyes / Sensors z'umutekano: Izi sensororo zerekana ko hari pallet kandi ikemeza ko ntamuntu uri mukarere. Niba fotoeye idahuye, yanduye, cyangwa ivunitse, imashini ntizatangira muburyo bwo kwirinda umutekano.

·  Igikorwa: Sukura lens ya fotoeyes zose ukoresheje umwenda woroshye. Reba aho bahurira; uwakiriye agomba kuba mu buryo butaziguye 'kubona ' kohereza. Itara rikomeye ryerekana guhuza neza, mugihe urumuri rwaka cyangwa ruzimye rwerekana ikibazo.

2.Limit Guhindura: Izi sisitemu zibwira PLC mugihe ikintu cyimuka (nka gare) kigeze hejuru cyangwa hepfo yurugendo rwacyo. Imipaka yananiwe cyangwa ifunze irashobora kohereza ibinyoma 'hanze yumwanya ', guhagarika ibikorwa.

3.Ibikoresho bya mashini: Reba intoki ko gariyamoshi ihindagurika na firime bigenda mu bwisanzure. Umuvuduko ukabije, ikintu cy’amahanga gishyizwe mu byuma, cyangwa icyuma cyafashwe kirashobora gutera imbaraga zihagije zo kubuza moteri gutangira, bigatuma umutwaro urenze.

Intambwe ya 5: Ibibazo bya moteri na Drive

Niba izindi sisitemu zose zisa nkizikora, ikibazo gishobora kubeshya hamwe nibice bigize disiki.

1.Motor Kurenza Ibirindiro: Moteri nyinshi zifite ibyuma birinda ubushyuhe burenze urugero. Niba moteri ishyushye cyane kurenza urugero cyangwa jam, iyi switch igenda kandi igabanya ingufu. Irakeneye igihe cyo gukonja hanyuma igomba gusubirwamo intoki. Shakisha buto yo gusubiramo kuri moteri (mubisanzwe ni buto itukura) hanyuma ukande.

2.Umukandara wo gutwara: Umukandara wambarwa cyane cyangwa wacitse bizemerera moteri kuzunguruka mu bwisanzure idahinduye ingendo cyangwa imodoka. Mugihe imashini ishobora gutangira , irashobora guhita ikosa kubera ikosa ryo gutanga ibitekerezo. Reba neza imikandara kugirango yangiritse hamwe nimpagarara zikwiye.

3.Gearbox: Mubihe bidasanzwe, garebox yafashwe izafunga burundu sisitemu yo gutwara, ibuza moteri guhinduka na gato. Iki nikibazo gikomeye gisaba gusana umwuga.

Igihe cyo guhamagara umunyamwuga

Wanyuze kuri lisiti, ariko i kurambura imashini ya firime iracecetse. Igihe kirageze cyo guhamagara umutekinisiye niba:

·  Wabonye ibice byingenzi (nka moteri, ibinyabiziga, cyangwa PLC) bikeneye gusimburwa.

·  Gukemura ibibazo bisaba akazi k'amashanyarazi katoroshye utemerewe gukora.

·  Ikibazo ni rimwe na rimwe kandi ntibishoboka gusuzuma.

·  Imashini yawe iracyafite garanti (tamping irashobora kuyitesha agaciro).

Kugira urutonde rusobanutse rwibimenyetso n'intambwe umaze gutera bizafasha umutekinisiye gusuzuma ikibazo vuba, bizigama amafaranga kumurimo.

Kubungabunga Kwirinda: Kwirinda Ikibazo Cyose

Gusana neza nibyo utagomba gukora. Shyira mu bikorwa gahunda yoroshye yo gukumira:

·  Buri munsi: Reba neza ibyangiritse, usukure amafoto, kandi wumve urusaku rudasanzwe.

·  Buri cyumweru: Reba impagarara z'umukandara no kwambara, sukura imashini kugirango wirinde imyanda, kandi urebe ko ibikorwa byose byumutekano bikora.

·  Buri mwaka: Teganya ubugenzuzi bw'umwuga kugirango urebe niba wambaye imyenda, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, hamwe no guhuza imashini.

Ukurikije ubu buryo bwubatswe, urashobora guhindura ihungabana ritera ubwoba mubibazo bikemurwa, bikemurwa, ukemeza ko umurongo wawe wapakiye ugumye wiziritse kandi utanga umusaruro.

LLDPE ikora imashini ya firime

kurambura imashini

kurambura imashini ikora firime

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