Abakinnyi bakora imashini za firime: Uburyo bakora nimpamvu bifite akamaro

Ikoranabuhanga rya firime ryicaye kumutima wibikoresho bigezweho. Kuva mubipfunyika byibiribwa kugeza muri firime yubuvuzi kugeza kumurongo winganda, firime yoroheje, ibonerana twishingikiriza burimunsi hafi ya yose ikorwa nimashini ikora firime-sisitemu yinganda zashizweho kugirango zishongeshe polymers hanyuma zishyirwe mumpapuro zuzuye, zisa.

Niba urimo gusuzuma imashini ikuramo firime kumurongo wawe wo gukora, cyangwa ukagerageza gusa gusobanukirwa gutandukanya sisitemu ikora cyane na sisitemu yo hagati, iki gitabo gikubiyemo ibintu byose ukeneye kumenya: uko izo mashini zikora, izo polymers zitunganya, ibintu byingenzi byerekana, nuburyo imashini za firime za CPE zigereranya nubundi buryo.

Niki Imashini ikora imashini?

A. imashini ikora firime ni sisitemu yo gukuramo inganda zishonga za polimoplastike ya polimoplastike-cyangwa igatera dope y'amazi-hanyuma igashyira ibikoresho byashongeshejwe kumuzingo ukonje, aho bikonja vuba kandi bigakomera muri firime iringaniye, ikomeza. Bitandukanye no gutunganya firime, yerekana umuyoboro wa elegitoronike ushonga hejuru, firime ikozwe neza. Igisubizo ni firime ifite optique isobanutse neza, kwihanganira ubukana bwimbitse, hamwe no kurangiza neza.

Izi mashini zikoreshwa cyane:

• Gupakira byoroshye (gupfunyika ibiryo, firime ya lamination, pouches)

• Isuku nibicuruzwa byubuvuzi (impapuro zinyuma, impapuro zo kubaga)

• Amafirime yubuhinzi

• Porogaramu zinganda (kurambura firime, ibifuniko birinda)

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Uburyo bwo Gukuramo Filime Gukora

Gukuramo firime ya firime ikurikirana ikurikiranye yumvikana kuva pellet mbisi kugeza irangiye.

1. Kugaburira ibikoresho: pellet pellet cyangwa granules zipakirwa muri hopper hanyuma zigaburirwa muri barri ya extruder.

2. Gushonga no kuvanga: Umuyoboro uzunguruka utera ibikoresho imbere mugihe ubushyuhe bwo gushyushya bwashonga muburyo bumwe. Ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bugenzurwa neza muri zone nyinshi.

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4. Gutera no kuzimya: Filime igwa kumurongo wuzuye wa chill (cyangwa vacuum casting unit), aho ikonja vuba. Kuzimya vuba bitanga firime zisobanutse; gukonjesha buhoro bigira ingaruka kuri kristu hamwe nubukanishi.

5. Gutemagura no guhinduranya: Imyenda yo ku mpande ikurwaho, kandi firime yarangiye ikomerekejwe kuri cores mugihe cyateganijwe.

Ubworoherane bwiki gikorwa - ugereranije na firime yavuzwe - bisobanura mumuvuduko wo hejuru, guhuza ibipimo byiza, no guhindura ibicuruzwa byoroshye.

Polimeri yatunganijwe na mashini ya firime

Ibigezweho imashini ikora firime yashizweho kugirango ikore ibintu byinshi bya termoplastique. Buri polymer izana ibintu bitandukanye byo gutunganya hamwe nimikoreshereze yanyuma.

Polymer	Gutunganya Ubushyuhe (° C)	Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya firime	Ibisanzwe
Polyethylene (PE)	180-280	Ihindagurika, inzitizi yubushuhe, gusudira	Gupfunyika ibiryo, kurambura firime, gupakira
Polypropilene (PP)	220-280	Birasobanutse neza, gukomera, kurwanya ubushyuhe	Gupakira ibiryo, kuranga, kumurika
Polyamide (PA / Nylon)	240-280	Inzitizi nziza ya ogisijeni, kwihanganira gucumita	Gupakira Vacuum, inyama, foromaje
EVA (Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate)	150-22	Ubwitonzi, gufatana, guhinduka-temp	Amashanyarazi ashyushye ashyushye, ubuvuzi
TPU (Polyurethane ya Thermoplastique)	170-22	Elastique, kurwanya abrasion, birasobanutse	Filime yubuvuzi, imyenda ya siporo, firime ikingira

Imashini zabugenewe PA cyangwa TPU zisaba ibice birwanya ruswa hamwe na geometrike yihariye bitewe na hygroscopique na rheologiya yibikoresho.

Imashini ya firime ya CPE: Reba hafi

Imashini yerekana amashusho ya CPE-yagenewe cyane cyane Chlorine Polyethylene (CPE) - ikora niche yihariye. Filime ya CPE ihabwa agaciro kubera kurwanya imiti myiza, kutagira umuriro, no guhinduka mubushyuhe buke.

Imashini ya firime ya CPE itandukanye numurongo usanzwe wa PE muburyo butandukanye:

• Barrele hamwe na screw: Kurwanya ruswa : Polimeri ya Chlorine irekura gaze ya HCl mugihe cyo kuyitunganya, ikaba ishobora kwangirika cyane mubyuma bisanzwe.

• Kugenzura neza ubushyuhe : CPE ifite idirishya rifunguye; gutandukana bitera gutesha agaciro cyangwa ubuziranenge bwa firime.

• Gutezimbere guhumeka no gucunga gazi : Sisitemu ikwiye irakenewe mumutekano wabakoresha no kuramba.

• Sisitemu yo gukuramo stabilisateur : Inline yongeramo ibiryo itanga stabilisateur yumuriro kugirango polimeri itunganyirizwe neza.

Filime ya CPE ikunze gukoreshwa mugisenge cyibisenge, geomembrane, insinga hamwe namakoti ya kabili, hamwe nudukingirizo twirinda amazi - amasoko aho imiti ihoraho irenze neza neza.

Ibyingenzi Byingenzi Kugereranya

Iyo ushakishije imashini ikuramo firime, kugereranya tekinike tekinike kuruhande birinda guhuza ibiciro hagati yubushobozi bwibikoresho nibisabwa.

Ibisobanuro	Icyinjira-Urwego	Hagati	Imikorere-yo hejuru
Ubugari bwa firime	Kugera kuri mm 1.500	1.500-3000 mm	3000-6,000 mm +
Ubunini bwa firime	15–200 µm	10-400 µm	5-500 µm
Umuvuduko wumurongo	Kugera kuri 100 m / min	100–300 m / min	300-600 m / min +
Ibisohoka (kg / hr)	100–300	300–800	800-2000 +
Umubare wa extruders	1 (mono-layer)	2-3 (gufatanya)	5–9 (ibice byinshi)
Gukonjesha umurambararo	Mm 400-500	Mm 500-700	700-1,000 mm +

Ubushobozi bwa Multi-layer co-extrusion ubushobozi ni ingenzi cyane kubikorwa byo gupakira inzitizi, aho guhuza PA, EVOH, na PE mubice bimwe bisimbuza inzira nyinshi zo kumurika.

Mono-Layeri na Multi-Layeri Yerekana Filime Imirongo

Guhitamo hagati ya mono-layer na layer-layer iboneza byerekana ishoramari ryimbere hamwe nigihe kirekire cyibicuruzwa byoroshye.

Imirongo ya Mono-layer ikwiranye nibicuruzwa-kurambura, kurambika muri rusange, aho polymer imwe yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa. Biroroshye gukora, byihuse gusukura, kandi bihenze kugura no kubungabunga.

Imirongo myinshi (co-extrusion) ihuza ibice bibiri kugeza icyenda bigaburira ibiryo bimwe cyangwa bipfa gupfa. Ibi bituma ababikora bakora:

• Shira inzitizi zihenze (EVOH, PA) murwego rwibanze, ugabanye ibiciro

• Huza polymers idahuye hamwe na karuvati-yometse

• Imiterere ya injeniyeri yubuso (kashe, gucapura, kunyerera) ititaye kubintu byinshi bya firime

• Kora firime zisaba ubundi lamination, kugabanya intambwe zikorwa

Kubantu benshi bahindura bapakira ibiryo, imiti, cyangwa amasoko menshi ya barrière, ubushobozi bwibice byinshi nibikenewe kurushanwa.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo)

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya firime ya firime na firime yavuzwe?
Filime yakinwe isohoka mu buryo butambitse hejuru ya chill roll, itanga firime iringaniye kandi isobanutse neza, igenzura ryimbitse, kandi igaragara neza. Filime ya firime ihindurwamo ibibyimba, itanga firime yerekanwe muburyo bwa tekinike kandi irwanya gucumita neza. Imirongo yatanzwe mubisanzwe ikora byihuse kandi itanga ibyiza bya optique; imirongo ya firime ya firime irakoreshwa cyane kandi ikwiranye nuburyo bumwe bwo gupakira.

Nibihe polymers bisaba imashini zihariye za firime?
Polimeri ya Hygroscopique nka PA na EVA bisaba sisitemu mbere yo gukama kugirango birinde kwangirika guterwa nubushuhe. Polimeri yangirika nka CPE isaba metallurgie idashobora kwangirika muri barrale, screw, gupfa, na sisitemu ya vent. Ibikoresho byo hejuru cyane nkibipimo bimwe na bimwe bya TPU bisaba ibipimo birebire bya L / D hamwe na moteri ndende.

Nigute ubunini bwa firime bugenzurwa kumashini ikuramo firime?
Umubyimba ugenzurwa cyane cyane no gupfa iminwa-yaba intoki cyangwa sisitemu yo gupfa byikora itwarwa nigihe nyacyo cyo gupima ibitekerezo. Sisitemu yo kugenzura ibyuma byikora (AGC) ikoresheje X-ray cyangwa sensor ya infragre irashobora gukomeza kwihanganira ± 1-2% hejuru yubugari bwa firime yose kumuvuduko mwinshi.

Ni ibihe bihe byo kubungabunga bigomba gutegurwa kumurongo wa firime?
Gukonjesha gukonjesha bisaba kugenzurwa buri gihe ku nenge zo hejuru zihererekanya ubuziranenge bwa firime. Ibikoresho bya Extruder na barrale bigomba kugenzurwa buri mwaka kugirango byambare, cyane cyane hamwe na polymers yangiza cyangwa yangirika. Gupfa kumunwa bikenera guhindagurika kugirango wirinde imirongo ipfa. Ubugenzuzi bwuzuye burasabwa buri mezi 12-18, hamwe nogukurikirana guhoraho k'umuvuduko ushonga, ubushyuhe bwo gushonga, hamwe na moteri igenda.

Nibihe bisohoka umusaruro imashini ya firime ya CPE ishobora kugeraho?
Ibisohoka biterwa n'ubugari bw'umurongo n'iboneza, ariko imirongo ya CPE yihariye igera kuri 200-600 kg / hr. Umuvuduko wo gutunganya ugarukira kubushyuhe bwa CPE hamwe no gukenera gucunga neza ubushyuhe mumihanda yose yashonga.

Guhitamo Imashini Yimyidagaduro Yimashini Kubikorwa byawe

Guhitamo iburyo imashini ikora firime itangirana nibicuruzwa byawe byerekana ibicuruzwa, ntabwo bije yawe. Sobanura intego yawe ya firime, ibisabwa ubunini buringaniye, igipimo gisohoka cyemewe, hamwe na substrate ivanze - hanyuma ukore usubire mumiterere yimashini yujuje ibyo bikenewe hamwe nicyumba gikwiye cyo gukura.

Kubisanzwe bisanzwe PE na PP, byerekanwe hagati yumurongo utangwa nabashinzwe gutanga ibicuruzwa bitanga impirimbanyi nziza yubushobozi nigiciro. Kuri polymers kabuhariwe nka PA, TPU, cyangwa CPE, shyira imbere abatanga bafite uburambe bwanditse butunganya ibyo bikoresho hamwe nubushobozi bwo gutanga ibipimo byemewe byo gutunganya amanota yawe yihariye.

Kubona imashini ihitamo neza ubwambere irinda imyaka idakora neza, ibisakuzo birenze, hamwe na retrofits ihenze.

imashini ikora firime

imashini ikuramo firime

Imashini ya firime ya CPE